| ᠤᠲᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ︵ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢᠨ︶ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ ︵1903 ᠤᠡ︶ | ᠪᠠᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠡ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ︵黑问河 | ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠪᠤᠡᠭ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠲᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ︶ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠵᠢ — | ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠲᠦ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠮᠬᠠᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ | ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠠᠨᠲᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠠᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠲᠠ ᠵᠢᠪᠽᠦᠨᠲᠠᠮᠪᠠ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠷᠤᠯᠪᠢᠲᠤᠷᠵᠢ | ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠲᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠠᠨᠲᠦ | ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠪᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠲᠠᠮᠪᠢᠵᠦᠩᠨᠠᠢ ︵1891 — 1958︶ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠲᠡᠷ ᠵᠤᠭᠤᠠᠨᠯᠠᠵᠦ | ᠠᠪᠢᠰᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠠᠨᠰᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ | ᠲᠦᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠰᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠷ ᠴᠤᠤᠲᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠴᠤᠤᠯ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠨᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠲᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠠᠭᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠬᠠᠵᠦ | ᠴᠢᠩ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ 1024 ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠴᠢᠷᠢᠨᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠂ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ | ᠨᠢᠷᠪᠠ ᠭᠤᠨᠴᠤᠠᠨᠰᠤᠷᠥᠩ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠬᠠᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠲᠦᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠦᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠪᠠᠲᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠤ ᠵᠠᠷ ᠮᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠠᠨᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠭ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠷᠠᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠭᠢᠭᠡᠪᠡ︾ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ | ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠦᠷᠢᠰᠦᠯᠳᠦᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠲᠠᠯᠯᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠩᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ | ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠡᠩᠵᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ | ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠴᠤᠳ ᠴᠦᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ | ᠰᠦᠮᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠤᠤᠨᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠢᠯᠲᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠲᠡᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠪᠷᠢᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠲᠠᠢ | ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ︽ | ᠰᠤᠤᠨᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠠᠨᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠭᠡ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠷᠰᠢᠠᠨᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠪᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ 1024 ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠯᠤ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠰᠠᠩ | ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠳᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠤᠨᠨᠠᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠯᠤᠪᠰᠠᠩᠪᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨᠲᠠᠮᠪᠢᠵᠦᠩᠨᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠰᠴᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯᠲᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠷᠲᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭ | ᠰᠢᠷᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠩᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤᠯ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠠᠰᠠᠨᠨᠠ | ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨᠲᠡᠨ ︽ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠷᠬᠠ︕︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠩᠨᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ | ᠱᠠᠵᠢᠠᠭᠡᠷᠡᠯ︾ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠯᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠶᠢᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠰᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠱᠠᠩ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠮ᠃ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠷᠲᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠩᠭᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢᠶᠠ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠰᠢᠠᠨᠲᠦ ᠱᠠᠳᠪᠠ᠂ ᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠢᠵᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠫᠤᠰᠧ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠤᠲᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠳᠠᠷᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ | ᠮᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠᠮ᠃ | | | | | ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠴᠢᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠦᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠪᠦᠬᠡ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ | ᠨᠤᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | | |