| | ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ︵1908~ 1970 ᠣᠨ︶᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠦ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ᠂ ᠭᠦᠯᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ ︵ᠣᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠱᠣᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ | ᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭᠠ︶ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠦᠩᠵᠦ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠵᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ︵ᠳᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠢᠩᠭᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ︶ ᠳᠤ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ | ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1924 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ | ᠂ 1928 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠣᠰ | ᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠣᠯ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ | ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠳᠪᠠᠵᠠᠪ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ | ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ︽ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠣᠨ︾ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠩᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ | ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠣᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠣᠳᠪᠠᠵᠠᠪ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠣᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠣᠷᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠰᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠣᠷ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ︾ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠢᠩᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠰ ᠰᠣᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠥᠩᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ︵民安 | 旗无线电台︶ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠ᠊· ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠩ ︵巴台长︶ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ᠂ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠤ᠋ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠤᠤ ᠺᠠᠳ᠋ᠷ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠥᠷᠨᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ | ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ ᠣᠴᠢᠷ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯᠰᠡᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 2 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ | ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠣᠳᠣᠭᠠᠷ | ᠰᠣᠮᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠡᠭᠦᠷ ︵会员小组︶ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠣᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1946 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠢᠶᠧ ᠱᠢ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠢ | ᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠯ ᠳᠦᠷᠡᠯᠵᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠳᠤᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠪᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠪᠥᠯᠬᠦᠮᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠮᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | 11᠂ 16 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠸᠢᠽᠢ ᠪᠠ 80 ᠳ᠋ᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ | ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠦᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠵᠢᠳᠭᠦᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1948 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠣᠷ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1949 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 3 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠹᠦᠰᠧ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠣᠳᠣᠷᠢᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠩ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠶ᠋ᠢᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ | 1950 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠱᠠᠲᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1953 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠹᠦᠰᠧ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠳ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | | 1958 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠣᠯᠣᠰ ᠲᠥᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭᠦᠨ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1966 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠩᠭᠦᠲᠡ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠣᠷᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ︾᠂ ︽ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠦᠷ ᠰᠢᠮᠨᠤ︾᠂ ︽ᠣᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ | ᠨᠠᠮ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠭᠡᠮ ᠵᠢᠷᠣᠮ ᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠭᠴᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ | ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠵᠢᠰᠦᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠴᠢᠷᠴᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1968 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠢ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠰᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ | ᠭᠡᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠠ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠥᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ | ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠮᠲᠠ ᠣᠷᠳᠤ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠮᠰᠢ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠴᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠦ | ᠲᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠣᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠠᠳᠣᠭᠤᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠮᠠᠬᠠᠪᠣᠳ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠮ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠨᠣᠷᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠣᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠣᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠥᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ | ᠢᠳᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠷᠲᠣᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠳᠣᠰᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠤᠨᠠᠰᠣᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠣᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠣᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠣᠩᠭᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠣᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠳᠣᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠮᠤ | ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1970 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠦᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ︽ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠦᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠣᠪᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠳᠣᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠰᠬᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯᠵᠤ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | 1999 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠱᠣᠣᠳᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢᠰ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠯᠪᠣᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ | ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠲᠤ᠂ 2004 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤ︾ ᠳᠤ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | ︽ᠰᠢᠯᠣᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠣᠣᠲᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | |