| | | | | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠰᠢᠳᠠ ᠬᠦᠭᠵᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠲᠤ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠺᠧ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ ︵柯劭忞︶ ᠤ | ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ | ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠵᠢᠯᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷ ︽ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ | | | ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠪᠤᠯ ︽ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠤᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠤᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ | ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠡᠰᠬᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠢ | ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ | ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ︽ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ | ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠰᠤᠷᠡᠯᠳᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠺᠧ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ | ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠮᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ ᠺᠧ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠳ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ | ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ᠃ | ᠨᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ᠂ ᠺᠧ ᠱᠤᠤ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠮᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠢ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ︽ᠶᠦᠩᠯᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨᠳᠠ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠷᠦᠨᠡᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯ | ᠪᠠ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠰᠢᠨ ︵钱大忻︶ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠡ 257 ᠪᠤᠳᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ 20 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ | ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠯ - | ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ 1917 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ 1920 ᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠩ ᠲᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠶᠢᠯᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠢ | ᠃ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠩ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠪᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠯᠳᠡ᠂ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠺᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ | ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠤᠷ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢᠳᠠᠨ | ᠵᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠨ ︵章太炎︶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ᠄ ︽ᠺᠧ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ | ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ | ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠡᠪᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠬᠢᠳᠭᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠨᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠢ ᠭᠧᠩ ᠲᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠯᠦᠮᠡᠯ | ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾᠂ ︽ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ︾᠂ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠯᠠᠪᠯᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠤᠪᠠᠯ᠂ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ | ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠳᠡ ᠪᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠰᠲᠡᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠪᠤᠯ | ᠦᠯᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠯᠳᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠶᠤᠸᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ︾ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ︵ᠬᠢᠳᠠᠳ ︽ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠮᠡᠭ ᠰᠤᠨᠢᠨ︾ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠶᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ︶ | |