| | ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ︵1894 —1935︶᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠵᠤ᠋᠂ 1894 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ | ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠳᠡᠮ | ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠡᠴᠢ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠲ᠋ᠦ᠋ᠩ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠠᠢ ︵ᠲᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ︶᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1920 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠶᠢ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠤᠳᠪᠠᠵᠠᠪ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠰᠢᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ | ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ︵ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ︶ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1931 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 5 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠢᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨ | ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠩᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | 1933 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 9 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ | ︾ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ︽ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠯᠬᠦᠮ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ | ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠡᠳ 1934 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 4 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠳᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠬᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠦᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ | ᠬᠤᠤᠪᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠡᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠨᠵᠢᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠫᠤᠤ | ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠫᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠤᠷᠯᠠᠬᠤ | ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠬᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ︵1935 ᠤᠨ︶ ᠤ ᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠪᠢᠳᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠪᠸᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠦᠨ | ᠲᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠫᠤᠤᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ 42 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠦ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠪᠳᠡᠷᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠶᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠷᠬᠡᠨ᠂ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠬᠢᠵᠡᠬᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠵᠤᠷᠢᠯᠳᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠱᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠹᠧᠩ ᠢᠦᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ︽ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠢ | ᠡᠪᠳᠡᠪᠡᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠦᠯᠢᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠬᠡᠳᠦᠮᠡᠯ ᠹᠷᠤᠨᠲ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠳᠡᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠦᠨ ᠢ | ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠬᠦᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠡᠳ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠮᠬᠤᠳᠰᠠᠷ 1990 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ︾ ︵ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠡᠳᠦ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ︶᠂ 2004 | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠶᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ︵ᠲᠤᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ︶︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠮᠦ︾᠂ 2008 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠴᠠᠬᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠵᠢᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠰᠤ︾ ᠵᠡᠷᠬᠡ | ᠨᠤᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | |